feat(auth): implement core service layer (password, JWT, auth, user CRUD)

- error.rs: AuthError with proper HTTP status mapping
- service/password.rs: Argon2 hash/verify with tests
- service/token_service.rs: JWT sign/validate, token DB storage with SHA-256 hash
- service/auth_service.rs: login/refresh/logout flows with event publishing
- service/user_service.rs: user CRUD with soft delete and tenant isolation
- Added sha2 dependency to workspace for token hashing

crates/erp-auth/src/error.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+use erp_core::error::AppError;
+
+/// Auth module error types
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
+pub enum AuthError {
+    #[error("用户名或密码错误")]
+    InvalidCredentials,
+
+    #[error("Token 已过期")]
+    TokenExpired,
+
+    #[error("Token 已被吊销")]
+    TokenRevoked,
+
+    #[error("用户已被{0}")]
+    UserDisabled(String),
+
+    #[error("密码哈希错误")]
+    HashError(String),
+
+    #[error("JWT 错误: {0}")]
+    JwtError(#[from] jsonwebtoken::errors::Error),
+
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Validation(String),
+}
+
+impl From<AuthError> for AppError {
+    fn from(err: AuthError) -> Self {
+        match err {
+            AuthError::InvalidCredentials => AppError::Unauthorized,
+            AuthError::TokenExpired => AppError::Unauthorized,
+            AuthError::TokenRevoked => AppError::Unauthorized,
+            AuthError::UserDisabled(s) => AppError::Forbidden(s),
+            AuthError::Validation(s) => AppError::Validation(s),
+            AuthError::HashError(_) => AppError::Internal(err.to_string()),
+            AuthError::JwtError(_) => AppError::Unauthorized,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub type AuthResult<T> = Result<T, AuthError>;

crates/erp-auth/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 pub mod dto;
 pub mod entity;
+pub mod error;
+pub mod service;

crates/erp-auth/src/service/auth_service.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+use chrono::Utc;
+use sea_orm::{ActiveModelTrait, ColumnTrait, EntityTrait, QueryFilter, Set};
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+use crate::dto::{LoginResp, RoleResp, UserResp};
+use crate::entity::{role, user, user_credential, user_role};
+use crate::error::AuthError;
+use erp_core::events::EventBus;
+
+use crate::error::AuthResult;
+
+use super::password;
+use super::token_service::TokenService;
+
+/// Authentication service handling login, token refresh, and logout.
+pub struct AuthService;
+
+impl AuthService {
+    /// Authenticate a user and issue access + refresh tokens.
+    ///
+    /// Steps:
+    /// 1. Look up user by tenant + username (soft-delete aware)
+    /// 2. Verify user status is "active"
+    /// 3. Fetch the stored password credential
+    /// 4. Verify password hash
+    /// 5. Collect roles and permissions
+    /// 6. Sign JWT tokens
+    /// 7. Update last_login_at
+    /// 8. Publish login event
+    pub async fn login(
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        username: &str,
+        password_plain: &str,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+        jwt_secret: &str,
+        access_ttl_secs: i64,
+        refresh_ttl_secs: i64,
+        event_bus: &EventBus,
+    ) -> AuthResult<LoginResp> {
+        // 1. Find user by tenant_id + username
+        let user_model = user::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .filter(user::Column::Username.eq(username))
+            .filter(user::Column::DeletedAt.is_null())
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .ok_or(AuthError::InvalidCredentials)?;
+
+        // 2. Check user status
+        if user_model.status != "active" {
+            return Err(AuthError::UserDisabled(user_model.status.clone()));
+        }
+
+        // 3. Find password credential
+        let cred = user_credential::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_credential::Column::UserId.eq(user_model.id))
+            .filter(user_credential::Column::CredentialType.eq("password"))
+            .filter(user_credential::Column::DeletedAt.is_null())
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .ok_or(AuthError::InvalidCredentials)?;
+
+        // 4. Verify password
+        let stored_hash = cred
+            .credential_data
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|v| v.get("hash").and_then(|h| h.as_str()))
+            .ok_or(AuthError::InvalidCredentials)?;
+
+        if !password::verify_password(password_plain, stored_hash)? {
+            return Err(AuthError::InvalidCredentials);
+        }
+
+        // 5. Get roles and permissions
+        let roles: Vec<String> =
+            TokenService::get_user_roles(user_model.id, tenant_id, db).await?;
+        let permissions =
+            TokenService::get_user_permissions(user_model.id, tenant_id, db).await?;
+
+        // 6. Sign tokens
+        let access_token = TokenService::sign_access_token(
+            user_model.id,
+            tenant_id,
+            roles.clone(),
+            permissions,
+            jwt_secret,
+            access_ttl_secs,
+        )?;
+        let (refresh_token, _) = TokenService::sign_refresh_token(
+            user_model.id,
+            tenant_id,
+            db,
+            jwt_secret,
+            refresh_ttl_secs,
+        )
+        .await?;
+
+        // 7. Update last_login_at
+        let mut user_active: user::ActiveModel = user_model.clone().into();
+        user_active.last_login_at = Set(Some(Utc::now()));
+        user_active.updated_at = Set(Utc::now());
+        user_active
+            .update(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        // 8. Build response
+        let role_resps = Self::get_user_role_resps(user_model.id, tenant_id, db).await?;
+        let user_resp = UserResp {
+            id: user_model.id,
+            username: user_model.username.clone(),
+            email: user_model.email,
+            phone: user_model.phone,
+            display_name: user_model.display_name,
+            avatar_url: user_model.avatar_url,
+            status: user_model.status,
+            roles: role_resps,
+        };
+
+        // 9. Publish event
+        event_bus.publish(erp_core::events::DomainEvent::new(
+            "user.login",
+            tenant_id,
+            serde_json::json!({ "user_id": user_model.id, "username": user_model.username }),
+        ));
+
+        Ok(LoginResp {
+            access_token,
+            refresh_token,
+            expires_in: access_ttl_secs as u64,
+            user: user_resp,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Refresh the token pair: validate the old refresh token, revoke it, issue a new pair.
+    pub async fn refresh(
+        refresh_token_str: &str,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+        jwt_secret: &str,
+        access_ttl_secs: i64,
+        refresh_ttl_secs: i64,
+    ) -> AuthResult<LoginResp> {
+        // Validate existing refresh token
+        let (old_token_id, claims) =
+            TokenService::validate_refresh_token(refresh_token_str, db, jwt_secret).await?;
+
+        // Revoke the old token (rotation)
+        TokenService::revoke_token(old_token_id, db).await?;
+
+        // Fetch fresh roles and permissions
+        let roles: Vec<String> =
+            TokenService::get_user_roles(claims.sub, claims.tid, db).await?;
+        let permissions =
+            TokenService::get_user_permissions(claims.sub, claims.tid, db).await?;
+
+        // Sign new token pair
+        let access_token = TokenService::sign_access_token(
+            claims.sub,
+            claims.tid,
+            roles.clone(),
+            permissions,
+            jwt_secret,
+            access_ttl_secs,
+        )?;
+        let (new_refresh_token, _) = TokenService::sign_refresh_token(
+            claims.sub,
+            claims.tid,
+            db,
+            jwt_secret,
+            refresh_ttl_secs,
+        )
+        .await?;
+
+        // Fetch user for the response
+        let user_model = user::Entity::find_by_id(claims.sub)
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .ok_or(AuthError::TokenRevoked)?;
+
+        let role_resps = Self::get_user_role_resps(claims.sub, claims.tid, db).await?;
+        let user_resp = UserResp {
+            id: user_model.id,
+            username: user_model.username,
+            email: user_model.email,
+            phone: user_model.phone,
+            display_name: user_model.display_name,
+            avatar_url: user_model.avatar_url,
+            status: user_model.status,
+            roles: role_resps,
+        };
+
+        Ok(LoginResp {
+            access_token,
+            refresh_token: new_refresh_token,
+            expires_in: access_ttl_secs as u64,
+            user: user_resp,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Revoke all refresh tokens for a user, effectively logging them out everywhere.
+    pub async fn logout(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<()> {
+        TokenService::revoke_all_user_tokens(user_id, tenant_id, db).await
+    }
+
+    /// Fetch role details for a user, returning RoleResp DTOs.
+    async fn get_user_role_resps(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<Vec<RoleResp>> {
+        let user_roles = user_role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_role::Column::UserId.eq(user_id))
+            .filter(user_role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let role_ids: Vec<Uuid> = user_roles.iter().map(|ur| ur.role_id).collect();
+        if role_ids.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(vec![]);
+        }
+
+        let roles = role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(role::Column::Id.is_in(role_ids))
+            .filter(role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(roles
+            .iter()
+            .map(|r| RoleResp {
+                id: r.id,
+                name: r.name.clone(),
+                code: r.code.clone(),
+                description: r.description.clone(),
+                is_system: r.is_system,
+            })
+            .collect())
+    }
+}

crates/erp-auth/src/service/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pub mod auth_service;
+pub mod password;
+pub mod token_service;
+pub mod user_service;

crates/erp-auth/src/service/password.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+use argon2::{
+    password_hash::{rand_core::OsRng, PasswordHash, PasswordHasher, PasswordVerifier, SaltString},
+    Argon2,
+};
+
+use crate::error::{AuthError, AuthResult};
+
+/// Hash a plaintext password using Argon2 with a random salt.
+///
+/// Returns a PHC-format string suitable for database storage.
+pub fn hash_password(plain: &str) -> AuthResult<String> {
+    let salt = SaltString::generate(&mut OsRng);
+    let argon2 = Argon2::default();
+    let hash = argon2
+        .hash_password(plain.as_bytes(), &salt)
+        .map_err(|e| AuthError::HashError(e.to_string()))?;
+    Ok(hash.to_string())
+}
+
+/// Verify a plaintext password against a stored PHC-format hash.
+///
+/// Returns `Ok(true)` if the password matches, `Ok(false)` if not.
+pub fn verify_password(plain: &str, hash: &str) -> AuthResult<bool> {
+    let parsed = PasswordHash::new(hash).map_err(|e| AuthError::HashError(e.to_string()))?;
+    Ok(Argon2::default()
+        .verify_password(plain.as_bytes(), &parsed)
+        .is_ok())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_hash_and_verify() {
+        let hash = hash_password("test123").unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            verify_password("test123", &hash).unwrap(),
+            "Correct password should verify"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !verify_password("wrong", &hash).unwrap(),
+            "Wrong password should not verify"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_hash_is_unique() {
+        let hash1 = hash_password("same_password").unwrap();
+        let hash2 = hash_password("same_password").unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(
+            hash1, hash2,
+            "Two hashes of the same password should differ (different salts)"
+        );
+    }
+}

crates/erp-auth/src/service/token_service.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+use chrono::Utc;
+use sea_orm::{ActiveModelTrait, ColumnTrait, DatabaseConnection, EntityTrait, QueryFilter, Set};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+use crate::entity::{permission, role, role_permission, user_role, user_token};
+use crate::error::AuthError;
+
+use crate::error::AuthResult;
+
+/// JWT claims embedded in access and refresh tokens.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Claims {
+    /// Subject — the user ID
+    pub sub: Uuid,
+    /// Tenant ID
+    pub tid: Uuid,
+    /// Role codes assigned to this user
+    pub roles: Vec<String>,
+    /// Permission codes granted to this user
+    pub permissions: Vec<String>,
+    /// Expiry (unix timestamp)
+    pub exp: i64,
+    /// Issued at (unix timestamp)
+    pub iat: i64,
+    /// Token type: "access" or "refresh"
+    pub token_type: String,
+}
+
+/// Stateless service for JWT token signing, validation, and revocation.
+pub struct TokenService;
+
+impl TokenService {
+    /// Sign a short-lived access token containing roles and permissions.
+    pub fn sign_access_token(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        roles: Vec<String>,
+        permissions: Vec<String>,
+        secret: &str,
+        ttl_secs: i64,
+    ) -> AuthResult<String> {
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        let claims = Claims {
+            sub: user_id,
+            tid: tenant_id,
+            roles,
+            permissions,
+            exp: now.timestamp() + ttl_secs,
+            iat: now.timestamp(),
+            token_type: "access".to_string(),
+        };
+        let header = jsonwebtoken::Header::default();
+        let encoded = jsonwebtoken::encode(
+            &header,
+            &claims,
+            &jsonwebtoken::EncodingKey::from_secret(secret.as_bytes()),
+        )?;
+        Ok(encoded)
+    }
+
+    /// Sign a long-lived refresh token and persist its SHA-256 hash in the database.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the raw token string (sent to client) and the database row ID.
+    pub async fn sign_refresh_token(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &DatabaseConnection,
+        secret: &str,
+        ttl_secs: i64,
+    ) -> AuthResult<(String, Uuid)> {
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        let token_id = Uuid::now_v7();
+
+        let claims = Claims {
+            sub: user_id,
+            tid: tenant_id,
+            roles: vec![],
+            permissions: vec![],
+            exp: now.timestamp() + ttl_secs,
+            iat: now.timestamp(),
+            token_type: "refresh".to_string(),
+        };
+        let raw_token = jsonwebtoken::encode(
+            &jsonwebtoken::Header::default(),
+            &claims,
+            &jsonwebtoken::EncodingKey::from_secret(secret.as_bytes()),
+        )?;
+
+        // Store the SHA-256 hash — the raw token is never persisted.
+        let hash = sha256_hex(&raw_token);
+
+        let token_model = user_token::ActiveModel {
+            id: Set(token_id),
+            tenant_id: Set(tenant_id),
+            user_id: Set(user_id),
+            token_hash: Set(hash),
+            token_type: Set("refresh".to_string()),
+            expires_at: Set(now + chrono::Duration::seconds(ttl_secs)),
+            revoked_at: Set(None),
+            device_info: Set(None),
+            created_at: Set(now),
+            updated_at: Set(now),
+            created_by: Set(user_id),
+            updated_by: Set(user_id),
+            deleted_at: Set(None),
+            version: Set(1),
+        };
+        token_model
+            .insert(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok((raw_token, token_id))
+    }
+
+    /// Validate a refresh token against the database.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the database row ID and decoded claims.
+    pub async fn validate_refresh_token(
+        token: &str,
+        db: &DatabaseConnection,
+        secret: &str,
+    ) -> AuthResult<(Uuid, Claims)> {
+        let claims = Self::decode_token(token, secret)?;
+        if claims.token_type != "refresh" {
+            return Err(AuthError::Validation("不是 refresh token".to_string()));
+        }
+
+        let hash = sha256_hex(token);
+        let token_row = user_token::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_token::Column::TokenHash.eq(hash))
+            .filter(user_token::Column::RevokedAt.is_null())
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .ok_or(AuthError::TokenRevoked)?;
+
+        Ok((token_row.id, claims))
+    }
+
+    /// Decode and validate any JWT token, returning the claims.
+    pub fn decode_token(token: &str, secret: &str) -> AuthResult<Claims> {
+        let data = jsonwebtoken::decode::<Claims>(
+            token,
+            &jsonwebtoken::DecodingKey::from_secret(secret.as_bytes()),
+            &jsonwebtoken::Validation::default(),
+        )?;
+        Ok(data.claims)
+    }
+
+    /// Revoke a specific refresh token by database ID.
+    pub async fn revoke_token(token_id: Uuid, db: &DatabaseConnection) -> AuthResult<()> {
+        let token_row = user_token::Entity::find_by_id(token_id)
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .ok_or(AuthError::TokenRevoked)?;
+
+        let mut active: user_token::ActiveModel = token_row.into();
+        active.revoked_at = Set(Some(Utc::now()));
+        active.updated_at = Set(Utc::now());
+        active
+            .update(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Revoke all non-revoked refresh tokens for a given user within a tenant.
+    pub async fn revoke_all_user_tokens(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<()> {
+        let tokens = user_token::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_token::Column::UserId.eq(user_id))
+            .filter(user_token::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .filter(user_token::Column::RevokedAt.is_null())
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        for token in tokens {
+            let mut active: user_token::ActiveModel = token.into();
+            active.revoked_at = Set(Some(now));
+            active.updated_at = Set(now);
+            active
+                .update(db)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Look up a user's permission codes through user_roles -> role_permissions -> permissions.
+    pub async fn get_user_permissions(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<Vec<String>> {
+        let user_role_rows = user_role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_role::Column::UserId.eq(user_id))
+            .filter(user_role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let role_ids: Vec<Uuid> = user_role_rows.iter().map(|ur| ur.role_id).collect();
+        if role_ids.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(vec![]);
+        }
+
+        let role_perm_rows = role_permission::Entity::find()
+            .filter(role_permission::Column::RoleId.is_in(role_ids))
+            .filter(role_permission::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let perm_ids: Vec<Uuid> = role_perm_rows.iter().map(|rp| rp.permission_id).collect();
+        if perm_ids.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(vec![]);
+        }
+
+        let perms = permission::Entity::find()
+            .filter(permission::Column::Id.is_in(perm_ids))
+            .filter(permission::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(perms.iter().map(|p| p.code.clone()).collect())
+    }
+
+    /// Look up a user's role codes through user_roles -> roles.
+    pub async fn get_user_roles(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<Vec<String>> {
+        let user_role_rows = user_role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_role::Column::UserId.eq(user_id))
+            .filter(user_role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let role_ids: Vec<Uuid> = user_role_rows.iter().map(|ur| ur.role_id).collect();
+        if role_ids.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(vec![]);
+        }
+
+        let roles = role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(role::Column::Id.is_in(role_ids))
+            .filter(role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(roles.iter().map(|r| r.code.clone()).collect())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Compute a SHA-256 hex digest of the input string.
+fn sha256_hex(input: &str) -> String {
+    let hash = Sha256::digest(input.as_bytes());
+    format!("{:x}", hash)
+}

crates/erp-auth/src/service/user_service.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+use chrono::Utc;
+use sea_orm::{ActiveModelTrait, ColumnTrait, EntityTrait, PaginatorTrait, QueryFilter, Set};
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+use crate::dto::{CreateUserReq, RoleResp, UpdateUserReq, UserResp};
+use crate::entity::{role, user, user_credential, user_role};
+use crate::error::AuthError;
+use erp_core::events::EventBus;
+use erp_core::types::Pagination;
+
+use crate::error::AuthResult;
+
+use super::password;
+
+/// User CRUD service — create, read, update, soft-delete users within a tenant.
+pub struct UserService;
+
+impl UserService {
+    /// Create a new user with a password credential.
+    ///
+    /// Validates username uniqueness within the tenant, hashes the password,
+    /// and publishes a `user.created` event.
+    pub async fn create(
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        operator_id: Uuid,
+        req: &CreateUserReq,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+        event_bus: &EventBus,
+    ) -> AuthResult<UserResp> {
+        // Check username uniqueness within tenant
+        let existing = user::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .filter(user::Column::Username.eq(&req.username))
+            .filter(user::Column::DeletedAt.is_null())
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+        if existing.is_some() {
+            return Err(AuthError::Validation("用户名已存在".to_string()));
+        }
+
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        let user_id = Uuid::now_v7();
+
+        // Insert user record
+        let user_model = user::ActiveModel {
+            id: Set(user_id),
+            tenant_id: Set(tenant_id),
+            username: Set(req.username.clone()),
+            email: Set(req.email.clone()),
+            phone: Set(req.phone.clone()),
+            display_name: Set(req.display_name.clone()),
+            avatar_url: Set(None),
+            status: Set("active".to_string()),
+            last_login_at: Set(None),
+            created_at: Set(now),
+            updated_at: Set(now),
+            created_by: Set(operator_id),
+            updated_by: Set(operator_id),
+            deleted_at: Set(None),
+            version: Set(1),
+        };
+        user_model
+            .insert(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        // Insert password credential
+        let hash = password::hash_password(&req.password)?;
+        let cred = user_credential::ActiveModel {
+            id: Set(Uuid::now_v7()),
+            tenant_id: Set(tenant_id),
+            user_id: Set(user_id),
+            credential_type: Set("password".to_string()),
+            credential_data: Set(Some(serde_json::json!({ "hash": hash }))),
+            verified: Set(true),
+            created_at: Set(now),
+            updated_at: Set(now),
+            created_by: Set(operator_id),
+            updated_by: Set(operator_id),
+            deleted_at: Set(None),
+            version: Set(1),
+        };
+        cred
+            .insert(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        // Publish domain event
+        event_bus.publish(erp_core::events::DomainEvent::new(
+            "user.created",
+            tenant_id,
+            serde_json::json!({ "user_id": user_id, "username": req.username }),
+        ));
+
+        Ok(UserResp {
+            id: user_id,
+            username: req.username.clone(),
+            email: req.email.clone(),
+            phone: req.phone.clone(),
+            display_name: req.display_name.clone(),
+            avatar_url: None,
+            status: "active".to_string(),
+            roles: vec![],
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Fetch a single user by ID, scoped to the given tenant.
+    pub async fn get_by_id(
+        id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<UserResp> {
+        let user_model = user::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .filter(|u| u.tenant_id == tenant_id && u.deleted_at.is_none())
+            .ok_or_else(|| AuthError::Validation("用户不存在".to_string()))?;
+
+        let roles = Self::fetch_user_role_resps(id, tenant_id, db).await?;
+        Ok(model_to_resp(&user_model, roles))
+    }
+
+    /// List users within a tenant with pagination.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `(users, total_count)`.
+    pub async fn list(
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        pagination: &Pagination,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<(Vec<UserResp>, u64)> {
+        let paginator = user::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .filter(user::Column::DeletedAt.is_null())
+            .paginate(db, pagination.limit());
+
+        let total = paginator
+            .num_items()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let page_index = pagination.page.unwrap_or(1).saturating_sub(1) as u64;
+        let models = paginator
+            .fetch_page(page_index)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let mut resps = Vec::with_capacity(models.len());
+        for m in models {
+            let roles: Vec<RoleResp> = Self::fetch_user_role_resps(m.id, tenant_id, db)
+                .await
+                .unwrap_or_default();
+            resps.push(model_to_resp(&m, roles));
+        }
+
+        Ok((resps, total))
+    }
+
+    /// Update editable user fields.
+    ///
+    /// Supports updating email, phone, display_name, and status.
+    /// Status must be one of: "active", "disabled", "locked".
+    pub async fn update(
+        id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        operator_id: Uuid,
+        req: &UpdateUserReq,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<UserResp> {
+        let user_model = user::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .filter(|u| u.tenant_id == tenant_id && u.deleted_at.is_none())
+            .ok_or_else(|| AuthError::Validation("用户不存在".to_string()))?;
+
+        let mut active: user::ActiveModel = user_model.into();
+
+        if let Some(email) = &req.email {
+            active.email = Set(Some(email.clone()));
+        }
+        if let Some(phone) = &req.phone {
+            active.phone = Set(Some(phone.clone()));
+        }
+        if let Some(display_name) = &req.display_name {
+            active.display_name = Set(Some(display_name.clone()));
+        }
+        if let Some(status) = &req.status {
+            if !["active", "disabled", "locked"].contains(&status.as_str()) {
+                return Err(AuthError::Validation("无效的状态值".to_string()));
+            }
+            active.status = Set(status.clone());
+        }
+
+        active.updated_at = Set(Utc::now());
+        active.updated_by = Set(operator_id);
+        let updated = active
+            .update(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let roles = Self::fetch_user_role_resps(id, tenant_id, db).await?;
+        Ok(model_to_resp(&updated, roles))
+    }
+
+    /// Soft-delete a user by setting the `deleted_at` timestamp.
+    pub async fn delete(
+        id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        operator_id: Uuid,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+        event_bus: &EventBus,
+    ) -> AuthResult<()> {
+        let user_model = user::Entity::find_by_id(id)
+            .one(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?
+            .filter(|u| u.tenant_id == tenant_id && u.deleted_at.is_none())
+            .ok_or_else(|| AuthError::Validation("用户不存在".to_string()))?;
+
+        let mut active: user::ActiveModel = user_model.into();
+        active.deleted_at = Set(Some(Utc::now()));
+        active.updated_at = Set(Utc::now());
+        active.updated_by = Set(operator_id);
+        active
+            .update(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        event_bus.publish(erp_core::events::DomainEvent::new(
+            "user.deleted",
+            tenant_id,
+            serde_json::json!({ "user_id": id }),
+        ));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Fetch RoleResp DTOs for a given user within a tenant.
+    async fn fetch_user_role_resps(
+        user_id: Uuid,
+        tenant_id: Uuid,
+        db: &sea_orm::DatabaseConnection,
+    ) -> AuthResult<Vec<RoleResp>> {
+        let user_roles = user_role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(user_role::Column::UserId.eq(user_id))
+            .filter(user_role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let role_ids: Vec<Uuid> = user_roles.iter().map(|ur| ur.role_id).collect();
+        if role_ids.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(vec![]);
+        }
+
+        let roles = role::Entity::find()
+            .filter(role::Column::Id.is_in(role_ids))
+            .filter(role::Column::TenantId.eq(tenant_id))
+            .all(db)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| AuthError::Validation(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        Ok(roles
+            .iter()
+            .map(|r| RoleResp {
+                id: r.id,
+                name: r.name.clone(),
+                code: r.code.clone(),
+                description: r.description.clone(),
+                is_system: r.is_system,
+            })
+            .collect())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Convert a SeaORM user Model and its role DTOs into a UserResp.
+fn model_to_resp(m: &user::Model, roles: Vec<RoleResp>) -> UserResp {
+    UserResp {
+        id: m.id,
+        username: m.username.clone(),
+        email: m.email.clone(),
+        phone: m.phone.clone(),
+        display_name: m.display_name.clone(),
+        avatar_url: m.avatar_url.clone(),
+        status: m.status.clone(),
+        roles,
+    }
+}