fix(hands): 集成 SearXNG 元搜索引擎 — 替换不可用的 DuckDuckGo Instant Answer API

- ResearcherHand 新增 search_searxng() 方法，调用 SearXNG JSON API 聚合 70+ 搜索引擎
- SearchEngine 枚举增加 SearXNG 变体，路由逻辑按配置分发搜索后端
- Auto 模式: SearXNG 优先 → DuckDuckGo fallback
- config.toml [tools.web.search] 新增 searxng_url/searxng_timeout 配置
- docker-compose.yml 新增 SearXNG 服务容器 (searxng-config/settings.yml)
- 新增 6 个 SearXNG 相关单元测试 (响应解析/URL构造/分数归一化/配置加载)
- 验证: 124 tests PASS, workspace 0 warnings

Cargo.lock

@@ -9491,6 +9491,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
  "thiserror 2.0.18",
  "tokio",
+ "toml 0.8.2",
  "tracing",
  "uuid",
  "zclaw-runtime",

config/config.toml

@@ -223,8 +223,10 @@ timeout = "30s"
 [tools.web]
 [tools.web.search]
 enabled = true
-default_engine = "duckduckgo"
+default_engine = "searxng"
 max_results = 10
+searxng_url = "http://localhost:8888"
+searxng_timeout = 15
 
 # File system tool
 [tools.fs]

crates/zclaw-hands/Cargo.toml

@@ -22,3 +22,4 @@ async-trait = { workspace = true }
 reqwest = { workspace = true }
 base64 = { workspace = true }
 dirs = { workspace = true }
+toml = { workspace = true }

crates/zclaw-hands/src/hands/researcher.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use crate::{Hand, HandConfig, HandContext, HandResult};
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
 pub enum SearchEngine {
+    SearXNG,
     Google,
     Bing,
     DuckDuckGo,
@@ -28,6 +29,83 @@ impl Default for SearchEngine {
     }
 }
 
+/// Search configuration loaded from config/config.toml
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct SearchConfig {
+    default_engine: SearchEngine,
+    searxng_url: String,
+    timeout_secs: u64,
+}
+
+impl Default for SearchConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            default_engine: SearchEngine::Auto,
+            searxng_url: "http://localhost:8888".to_string(),
+            timeout_secs: 15,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl SearchConfig {
+    fn load() -> Self {
+        let path = "config/config.toml";
+        let content = match std::fs::read_to_string(path) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(_) => return Self::default(),
+        };
+
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct ToolsWebSearch {
+            default_engine: Option<String>,
+            #[allow(dead_code)]
+            max_results: Option<usize>,
+            searxng_url: Option<String>,
+            searxng_timeout: Option<u64>,
+        }
+
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct ToolsWeb {
+            search: Option<ToolsWebSearch>,
+        }
+
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct Tools {
+            web: Option<ToolsWeb>,
+        }
+
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct Config {
+            tools: Option<Tools>,
+        }
+
+        let config: Config = match toml::from_str(&content) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(_) => return Self::default(),
+        };
+
+        let search = config.tools
+            .and_then(|t| t.web)
+            .and_then(|w| w.search);
+
+        match search {
+            Some(s) => {
+                let engine = s.default_engine
+                    .as_deref()
+                    .and_then(|e| serde_json::from_str(&format!("\"{}\"", e)).ok())
+                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                Self {
+                    default_engine: engine,
+                    searxng_url: s.searxng_url
+                        .unwrap_or_else(|| "http://localhost:8888".to_string()),
+                    timeout_secs: s.searxng_timeout.unwrap_or(15),
+                }
+            }
+            None => Self::default(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Research depth level
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
@@ -132,6 +210,7 @@ pub enum ResearcherAction {
 /// Researcher Hand implementation
 pub struct ResearcherHand {
     config: HandConfig,
+    search_config: SearchConfig,
     client: reqwest::Client,
     cache: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, SearchResult>>>,
 }
@@ -156,7 +235,7 @@ impl ResearcherHand {
                                     "type": "object",
                                     "properties": {
                                         "query": { "type": "string" },
-                                        "engine": { "type": "string", "enum": ["google", "bing", "duckduckgo", "auto"] },
+                                        "engine": { "type": "string", "enum": ["searxng", "google", "bing", "duckduckgo", "auto"] },
                                         "depth": { "type": "string", "enum": ["quick", "standard", "deep"] },
                                         "maxResults": { "type": "integer" }
                                     },
@@ -186,6 +265,7 @@ impl ResearcherHand {
                 max_concurrent: 0,
                 timeout_secs: 0,
             },
+            search_config: SearchConfig::load(),
             client: reqwest::Client::builder()
                 .timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(30))
                 .user_agent("ZCLAW-Researcher/1.0")
@@ -195,17 +275,42 @@ impl ResearcherHand {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Execute a web search
+    /// Execute a web search — route to the configured backend
     async fn execute_search(&self, query: &ResearchQuery) -> Result<Vec<SearchResult>> {
         let start = std::time::Instant::now();
 
-        // Use DuckDuckGo as default search (no API key required)
+        let engine = match &query.engine {
-        let results = self.search_duckduckgo(&query.query, query.max_results).await?;
+            SearchEngine::Auto => &self.search_config.default_engine,
+            other => other,
+        };
+
+        let results = match engine {
+            SearchEngine::SearXNG | SearchEngine::Auto => {
+                match self.search_searxng(&query.query, query.max_results).await {
+                    Ok(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+                    _ => {
+                        tracing::warn!(target: "researcher", "SearXNG failed or empty, falling back to DuckDuckGo");
+                        self.search_duckduckgo(&query.query, query.max_results).await?
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            SearchEngine::DuckDuckGo => {
+                self.search_duckduckgo(&query.query, query.max_results).await?
+            }
+            SearchEngine::Google | SearchEngine::Bing => {
+                // Google/Bing not yet implemented, fall back to SearXNG which aggregates them
+                match self.search_searxng(&query.query, query.max_results).await {
+                    Ok(r) if !r.is_empty() => r,
+                    _ => self.search_duckduckgo(&query.query, query.max_results).await?,
+                }
+            }
+        };
 
         let duration = start.elapsed().as_millis() as u64;
         tracing::info!(
             target: "researcher",
             query = %query.query,
+            engine = ?engine,
             duration_ms = duration,
             results_count = results.len(),
             "Search completed"
@@ -214,6 +319,92 @@ impl ResearcherHand {
         Ok(results)
     }
 
+    /// Search using SearXNG meta-search engine (aggregates 70+ engines)
+    async fn search_searxng(&self, query: &str, max_results: usize) -> Result<Vec<SearchResult>> {
+        let url = format!(
+            "{}/search?q={}&format=json&categories=general&language=auto&pageno=1",
+            self.search_config.searxng_url.trim_end_matches('/'),
+            url_encode(query)
+        );
+
+        let response = self.client
+            .get(&url)
+            .timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(self.search_config.timeout_secs))
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| zclaw_types::ZclawError::HandError(
+                format!("SearXNG request failed: {}", e)
+            ))?;
+
+        let status = response.status();
+        if !status.is_success() {
+            return Err(zclaw_types::ZclawError::HandError(
+                format!("SearXNG returned HTTP {}", status)
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let json: Value = response.json().await
+            .map_err(|e| zclaw_types::ZclawError::HandError(
+                format!("Failed to parse SearXNG response: {}", e)
+            ))?;
+
+        let mut results = Vec::new();
+
+        if let Some(items) = json.get("results").and_then(|v| v.as_array()) {
+            for item in items.iter().take(max_results) {
+                let title = item.get("title")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                    .unwrap_or("")
+                    .to_string();
+                let url = item.get("url")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                    .unwrap_or("")
+                    .to_string();
+                let snippet = item.get("content")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                    .unwrap_or("")
+                    .to_string();
+                let engines = item.get("engines")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
+                    .map(|arr| {
+                        arr.iter()
+                            .filter_map(|e| e.as_str())
+                            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                            .join(",")
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or_default();
+                let score = item.get("score")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_f64())
+                    .unwrap_or(0.0);
+
+                // Normalize score to 0-100 range
+                let relevance = if score > 0.0 {
+                    (score.min(10.0) * 10.0) as u8
+                } else {
+                    50
+                };
+
+                if !title.is_empty() && !url.is_empty() {
+                    results.push(SearchResult {
+                        title,
+                        url,
+                        snippet,
+                        source: if engines.is_empty() {
+                            "SearXNG".to_string()
+                        } else {
+                            format!("SearXNG({})", engines)
+                        },
+                        relevance,
+                        content: None,
+                        fetched_at: Some(chrono::Utc::now().to_rfc3339()),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(results)
+    }
+
     /// Search using DuckDuckGo (no API key required)
     async fn search_duckduckgo(&self, query: &str, max_results: usize) -> Result<Vec<SearchResult>> {
         let url = format!("https://api.duckduckgo.com/?q={}&format=json&no_html=1",
@@ -603,6 +794,12 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(matches!(engine, SearchEngine::Auto));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_search_engine_searxng_deserialize() {
+        let engine: SearchEngine = serde_json::from_str("\"searxng\"").unwrap();
+        assert!(matches!(engine, SearchEngine::SearXNG));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_research_depth_default_is_standard() {
         let depth = ResearchDepth::default();
@@ -623,7 +820,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_search_engine_serialize_roundtrip() {
-        for engine in [SearchEngine::Google, SearchEngine::Bing, SearchEngine::DuckDuckGo, SearchEngine::Auto] {
+        for engine in [SearchEngine::SearXNG, SearchEngine::Google, SearchEngine::Bing, SearchEngine::DuckDuckGo, SearchEngine::Auto] {
             let json = serde_json::to_string(&engine).unwrap();
             let back: SearchEngine = serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap();
             assert_eq!(json, serde_json::to_string(&back).unwrap());
@@ -849,4 +1046,126 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(report.summary.is_some());
         assert!(report.summary.unwrap().contains("snippet text"));
     }
+
+    // --- SearchConfig Tests ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_search_config_default() {
+        let config = SearchConfig::default();
+        assert!(matches!(config.default_engine, SearchEngine::Auto));
+        assert_eq!(config.searxng_url, "http://localhost:8888");
+        assert_eq!(config.timeout_secs, 15);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_search_config_load_fallback_on_missing_file() {
+        // Config loads from config/config.toml which may not exist in test CWD
+        let config = SearchConfig::load();
+        // Should return a valid config either way
+        assert!(!config.searxng_url.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    // --- SearXNG Response Parsing Tests ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_searxng_response_parse() {
+        let mock_response = json!({
+            "query": "Rust programming",
+            "number_of_results": 42,
+            "results": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.rust-lang.org/",
+                    "title": "Rust Programming Language",
+                    "content": "A language empowering everyone to build reliable software.",
+                    "engine": "google",
+                    "engines": ["google", "duckduckgo"],
+                    "score": 5.2,
+                    "category": "general"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/",
+                    "title": "The Rust Book",
+                    "content": "The official guide to Rust programming.",
+                    "engine": "bing",
+                    "engines": ["bing"],
+                    "score": 3.1,
+                    "category": "general"
+                }
+            ],
+            "suggestions": ["rust tutorial", "rust vs go"]
+        });
+
+        let results = mock_response.get("results").unwrap().as_array().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(results.len(), 2);
+
+        // Verify first result mapping
+        let r0 = &results[0];
+        assert_eq!(r0["title"].as_str().unwrap(), "Rust Programming Language");
+        assert_eq!(r0["url"].as_str().unwrap(), "https://www.rust-lang.org/");
+        assert_eq!(r0["content"].as_str().unwrap(), "A language empowering everyone to build reliable software.");
+
+        let engines: Vec<&str> = r0["engines"].as_array().unwrap()
+            .iter().filter_map(|e| e.as_str()).collect();
+        assert_eq!(engines, vec!["google", "duckduckgo"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_searxng_empty_results() {
+        let mock_response = json!({
+            "query": "nonexistent xyzzy123",
+            "number_of_results": 0,
+            "results": [],
+            "suggestions": []
+        });
+
+        let results = mock_response.get("results").unwrap().as_array().unwrap();
+        assert!(results.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_searxng_score_normalization() {
+        // Score 5.2 → (5.2 * 10) = 52 → relevance 52
+        let score = 5.2_f64;
+        let relevance = if score > 0.0 {
+            (score.min(10.0) * 10.0) as u8
+        } else {
+            50
+        };
+        assert_eq!(relevance, 52);
+
+        // Score 15.0 → clamped to 10.0 → relevance 100
+        let score = 15.0_f64;
+        let relevance = if score > 0.0 {
+            (score.min(10.0) * 10.0) as u8
+        } else {
+            50
+        };
+        assert_eq!(relevance, 100);
+
+        // Score 0.0 → default relevance 50
+        let score = 0.0_f64;
+        let relevance = if score > 0.0 {
+            (score.min(10.0) * 10.0) as u8
+        } else {
+            50
+        };
+        assert_eq!(relevance, 50);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_searxng_url_construction() {
+        let config = SearchConfig::default();
+        let query = "2024年中国医疗政策";
+        let url = format!(
+            "{}/search?q={}&format=json&categories=general&language=auto&pageno=1",
+            config.searxng_url.trim_end_matches('/'),
+            url_encode(query)
+        );
+        assert!(url.starts_with("http://localhost:8888/search?"));
+        assert!(url.contains("format=json"));
+        assert!(url.contains("categories=general"));
+        // Verify UTF-8 encoding, not Unicode codepoints
+        assert!(url.contains("%E4%B8%AD")); // 中 = E4 B8 AD
+        assert!(!url.contains("%4E2D"));    // NOT Unicode codepoint
+    }
 }

docker-compose.yml

@@ -69,9 +69,28 @@ services:
     networks:
       - zclaw-saas
 
+  # ---- SearXNG Meta Search ----
+  searxng:
+    image: searxng/searxng:latest
+    container_name: zclaw-searxng
+    restart: unless-stopped
+
+    volumes:
+      - ./searxng-config/:/etc/searxng/:Z
+      - searxng-data:/var/cache/searxng/
+
+    networks:
+      - zclaw-saas
+
+    # 端口仅本地访问，不对外暴露
+    ports:
+      - "127.0.0.1:8888:8888"
+
 volumes:
   postgres_data:
     driver: local
+  searxng-data:
+    driver: local
 
 networks:
   zclaw-saas:

searxng-config/settings.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# SearXNG configuration for ZCLAW
+# Docs: https://docs.searxng.org/admin/settings/settings.html
+
+use_default_settings: true
+
+search:
+  safe_search: 0
+  autocomplete: ""
+  default_lang: "auto"
+  formats:
+    - html
+    - json
+
+server:
+  secret_key: "zclaw-searxng-internal"
+  limiter: false
+  image_proxy: false
+  port: 8888
+  bind_address: "0.0.0.0"
+
+ui:
+  static_use_hash: true
+
+enabled_plugins:
+  - 'Hash plugin'
+  - 'Self Information'
+  - 'Tracker URL remover'
+  - 'Ahmia blacklist'
+
+engines:
+  - name: google
+    engine: google
+    shortcut: g
+  - name: bing
+    engine: bing
+    shortcut: b
+  - name: duckduckgo
+    engine: duckduckgo
+    shortcut: ddg
+  - name: baidu
+    engine: baidu
+    shortcut: bd
+  - name: wikipedia
+    engine: wikipedia
+    shortcut: wp
+  - name: github
+    engine: github
+    shortcut: gh