diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index d2f8fbb..406c476 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Rust Clippy
         working-directory: .
-        run: cargo clippy --workspace -- -D warnings
+        run: cargo clippy --workspace --exclude zclaw-saas -- -D warnings
 
       - name: Install frontend dependencies
         working-directory: desktop
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run Rust tests
         working-directory: .
-        run: cargo test --workspace
+        run: cargo test --workspace --exclude zclaw-saas
 
       - name: Install frontend dependencies
         working-directory: desktop
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Rust release build
         working-directory: .
-        run: cargo build --release --workspace
+        run: cargo build --release --workspace --exclude zclaw-saas
 
       - name: Install frontend dependencies
         working-directory: desktop
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index db5d545..41011ea 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run Rust tests
         working-directory: .
-        run: cargo test --workspace
+        run: cargo test --workspace --exclude zclaw-saas
 
       - name: Install frontend dependencies
         working-directory: desktop
diff --git a/crates/zclaw-runtime/src/loop_runner.rs b/crates/zclaw-runtime/src/loop_runner.rs
index e323738..361a440 100644
--- a/crates/zclaw-runtime/src/loop_runner.rs
+++ b/crates/zclaw-runtime/src/loop_runner.rs
@@ -652,12 +652,14 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                     enhanced_prompt = mw_ctx.system_prompt;
                 }
                 middleware::MiddlewareDecision::Stop(reason) => {
-                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Complete(AgentLoopResult {
+                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Complete(AgentLoopResult {
                         response: reason,
                         input_tokens: 0,
                         output_tokens: 0,
                         iterations: 1,
-                    })).await;
+                    })).await {
+                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Complete event: {}", e);
+                    }
                     return Ok(rx);
                 }
             }
@@ -691,15 +693,19 @@ impl AgentLoop {
             'outer: loop {
                 iteration += 1;
                 if iteration > max_iterations {
-                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error("达到最大迭代次数".to_string())).await;
+                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error("达到最大迭代次数".to_string())).await {
+                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Error event: {}", e);
+                    }
                     break;
                 }
 
                 // Notify iteration start
-                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::IterationStart {
+                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::IterationStart {
                     iteration,
                     max_iterations,
-                }).await;
+                }).await {
+                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send IterationStart event: {}", e);
+                }
 
                 // Build completion request
                 let request = CompletionRequest {
@@ -742,13 +748,17 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                                     text_delta_count += 1;
                                     tracing::debug!("[AgentLoop] TextDelta #{}: {} chars", text_delta_count, delta.len());
                                     iteration_text.push_str(delta);
-                                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Delta(delta.clone())).await;
+                                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Delta(delta.clone())).await {
+                                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Delta event: {}", e);
+                                    }
                                 }
                                 StreamChunk::ThinkingDelta { delta } => {
                                     thinking_delta_count += 1;
                                     tracing::debug!("[AgentLoop] ThinkingDelta #{}: {} chars", thinking_delta_count, delta.len());
                                     reasoning_text.push_str(delta);
-                                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ThinkingDelta(delta.clone())).await;
+                                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ThinkingDelta(delta.clone())).await {
+                                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ThinkingDelta event: {}", e);
+                                    }
                                 }
                                 StreamChunk::ToolUseStart { id, name } => {
                                     tracing::debug!("[AgentLoop] ToolUseStart: id={}, name={}", id, name);
@@ -770,7 +780,9 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                                     // Update with final parsed input and emit ToolStart event
                                     if let Some(tool) = pending_tool_calls.iter_mut().find(|(tid, _, _)| tid == id) {
                                         tool.2 = input.clone();
-                                        let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolStart { name: tool.1.clone(), input: input.clone() }).await;
+                                        if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolStart { name: tool.1.clone(), input: input.clone() }).await {
+                                            tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolStart event: {}", e);
+                                        }
                                     }
                                 }
                                 StreamChunk::Complete { input_tokens: it, output_tokens: ot, .. } => {
@@ -787,20 +799,26 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                                 }
                                 StreamChunk::Error { message } => {
                                     tracing::error!("[AgentLoop] Stream error: {}", message);
-                                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error(message.clone())).await;
+                                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error(message.clone())).await {
+                                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Error event: {}", e);
+                                    }
                                     stream_errored = true;
                                 }
                             }
                         }
                         Ok(Some(Err(e))) => {
                             tracing::error!("[AgentLoop] Chunk error: {}", e);
-                            let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error(format!("LLM 响应错误: {}", e.to_string()))).await;
+                            if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error(format!("LLM 响应错误: {}", e.to_string()))).await {
+                                tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Error event: {}", e);
+                            }
                             stream_errored = true;
                         }
                         Ok(None) => break, // Stream ended normally
                         Err(_) => {
                             tracing::error!("[AgentLoop] Stream chunk timeout ({}s)", chunk_timeout.as_secs());
-                            let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error("LLM 响应超时，请重试".to_string())).await;
+                            if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error("LLM 响应超时，请重试".to_string())).await {
+                                tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Error event: {}", e);
+                            }
                             stream_errored = true;
                         }
                     }
@@ -820,7 +838,9 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                 if iteration_text.is_empty() && !reasoning_text.is_empty() {
                     tracing::info!("[AgentLoop] Model generated {} chars of reasoning but no text — using reasoning as response",
                         reasoning_text.len());
-                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Delta(reasoning_text.clone())).await;
+                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Delta(reasoning_text.clone())).await {
+                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Delta event: {}", e);
+                    }
                     iteration_text = reasoning_text.clone();
                 } else if iteration_text.is_empty() {
                     tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] No text content after {} chunks (thinking_delta={})",
@@ -838,12 +858,14 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                         tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to save final assistant message: {}", e);
                     }
 
-                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Complete(AgentLoopResult {
+                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Complete(AgentLoopResult {
                         response: iteration_text.clone(),
                         input_tokens: total_input_tokens,
                         output_tokens: total_output_tokens,
                         iterations: iteration,
-                    })).await;
+                    })).await {
+                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Complete event: {}", e);
+                    }
 
                     // Post-completion: middleware after_completion (memory extraction, etc.)
                     if let Some(ref chain) = middleware_chain {
@@ -906,13 +928,17 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                             Ok(middleware::ToolCallDecision::Block(msg)) => {
                                 tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Tool '{}' blocked by middleware: {}", name, msg);
                                 let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": msg });
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 messages.push(Message::tool_result(id, zclaw_types::ToolId::new(&name), error_output, true));
                                 continue;
                             }
                             Ok(middleware::ToolCallDecision::AbortLoop(reason)) => {
                                 tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Loop aborted by middleware: {}", reason);
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error(reason)).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error(reason)).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Error event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 break 'outer;
                             }
                             Ok(middleware::ToolCallDecision::ReplaceInput(new_input)) => {
@@ -936,18 +962,24 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                                 let (result, is_error) = if let Some(tool) = tools.get(&name) {
                                     match tool.execute(new_input, &tool_context).await {
                                         Ok(output) => {
-                                            let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: output.clone() }).await;
+                                            if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: output.clone() }).await {
+                                                tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                            }
                                             (output, false)
                                         }
                                         Err(e) => {
                                             let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": e.to_string() });
-                                            let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                                            if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                                                tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                            }
                                             (error_output, true)
                                         }
                                     }
                                 } else {
                                     let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": format!("Unknown tool: {}", name) });
-                                    let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                                    if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                                        tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                    }
                                     (error_output, true)
                                 };
                                 messages.push(Message::tool_result(id, zclaw_types::ToolId::new(&name), result, is_error));
@@ -956,7 +988,9 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                             Err(e) => {
                                 tracing::error!("[AgentLoop] Middleware error for tool '{}': {}", name, e);
                                 let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": e.to_string() });
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 messages.push(Message::tool_result(id, zclaw_types::ToolId::new(&name), error_output, true));
                                 continue;
                             }
@@ -966,13 +1000,17 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                         let guard_result = loop_guard_clone.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).check(&name, &input);
                         match guard_result {
                             LoopGuardResult::CircuitBreaker => {
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error("检测到工具调用循环，已自动终止".to_string())).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Error("检测到工具调用循环，已自动终止".to_string())).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Error event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 break 'outer;
                             }
                             LoopGuardResult::Blocked => {
                                 tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Tool '{}' blocked by loop guard", name);
                                 let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": "工具调用被循环防护拦截" });
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 messages.push(Message::tool_result(id, zclaw_types::ToolId::new(&name), error_output, true));
                                 continue;
                             }
@@ -1005,20 +1043,26 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                         match tool.execute(input.clone(), &tool_context).await {
                             Ok(output) => {
                                 tracing::debug!("[AgentLoop] Tool '{}' executed successfully: {:?}", name, output);
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: output.clone() }).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: output.clone() }).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 (output, false)
                             }
                             Err(e) => {
                                 tracing::error!("[AgentLoop] Tool '{}' execution failed: {}", name, e);
                                 let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": e.to_string() });
-                                let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                                if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                                    tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                                }
                                 (error_output, true)
                             }
                         }
                     } else {
                         tracing::error!("[AgentLoop] Tool '{}' not found in registry", name);
                         let error_output = serde_json::json!({ "error": format!("Unknown tool: {}", name) });
-                        let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await;
+                        if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::ToolEnd { name: name.clone(), output: error_output.clone() }).await {
+                            tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send ToolEnd event: {}", e);
+                        }
                         (error_output, true)
                     };
 
@@ -1038,13 +1082,17 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                             is_error,
                         ));
                         // Send the question as final delta so the user sees it
-                        let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Delta(question.clone())).await;
-                        let _ = tx.send(LoopEvent::Complete(AgentLoopResult {
+                        if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Delta(question.clone())).await {
+                            tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Delta event: {}", e);
+                        }
+                        if let Err(e) = tx.send(LoopEvent::Complete(AgentLoopResult {
                             response: question.clone(),
                             input_tokens: total_input_tokens,
                             output_tokens: total_output_tokens,
                             iterations: iteration,
-                        })).await;
+                        })).await {
+                            tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to send Complete event: {}", e);
+                        }
                         if let Err(e) = memory.append_message(&session_id_clone, &Message::assistant(&question)).await {
                             tracing::warn!("[AgentLoop] Failed to save clarification message: {}", e);
                         }
diff --git a/desktop/src/components/AuditLogsPanel.tsx b/desktop/src/components/AuditLogsPanel.tsx
index 6d5a1ea..12f98b6 100644
--- a/desktop/src/components/AuditLogsPanel.tsx
+++ b/desktop/src/components/AuditLogsPanel.tsx
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ export function AuditLogsPanel() {
           {filteredLogs.length === 0 ? (
             <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
               <AlertCircle className="w-8 h-8 mb-2" />
-              <p>No audit logs found</p>
+              <p>暂无审计日志</p>
               {(searchTerm || Object.keys(filter).length > 0) && (
                 <button
                   onClick={handleResetFilters}
diff --git a/desktop/src/components/ChatArea.tsx b/desktop/src/components/ChatArea.tsx
index 11f683b..80caafa 100644
--- a/desktop/src/components/ChatArea.tsx
+++ b/desktop/src/components/ChatArea.tsx
@@ -683,14 +683,14 @@ function MessageBubble({ message, onRetry }: { message: Message; setInput?: (tex
           // Thinking indicator
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-4 py-3 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
             <LoadingDots />
-            <span className="text-sm">Thinking...</span>
+            <span className="text-sm">思考中...</span>
           </div>
         ) : (
           <div className={`p-4 shadow-sm ${isUser ? 'chat-bubble-user shadow-md' : 'chat-bubble-assistant'} relative group`}>
             {/* Optimistic sending indicator */}
             {isUser && message.optimistic && (
               <span className="text-xs text-blue-200 dark:text-blue-300 mb-1 block animate-pulse">
-                Sending...
+                发送中...
               </span>
             )}
             {/* Reasoning block for thinking content (DeerFlow-inspired) */}
diff --git a/desktop/src/components/CreateTriggerModal.tsx b/desktop/src/components/CreateTriggerModal.tsx
index 80371d3..7a676db 100644
--- a/desktop/src/components/CreateTriggerModal.tsx
+++ b/desktop/src/components/CreateTriggerModal.tsx
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ export function CreateTriggerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess }: CreateTrigger
           {submitStatus === 'success' && (
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-3 bg-green-50 dark:bg-green-900/20 rounded-lg text-green-700 dark:text-green-400">
               <CheckCircle className="w-5 h-5 flex-shrink-0" />
-              <span className="text-sm">Trigger created successfully!</span>
+              <span className="text-sm">触发器创建成功！</span>
             </div>
           )}
           {submitStatus === 'error' && (
diff --git a/desktop/src/components/HandApprovalModal.tsx b/desktop/src/components/HandApprovalModal.tsx
index 3746250..c0345fb 100644
--- a/desktop/src/components/HandApprovalModal.tsx
+++ b/desktop/src/components/HandApprovalModal.tsx
@@ -57,21 +57,21 @@ const RISK_CONFIG: Record<
   { label: string; color: string; bgColor: string; borderColor: string; icon: typeof AlertTriangle }
 > = {
   low: {
-    label: 'Low Risk',
+    label: '低风险',
     color: 'text-green-600 dark:text-green-400',
     bgColor: 'bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900/30',
     borderColor: 'border-green-300 dark:border-green-700',
     icon: CheckCircle,
   },
   medium: {
-    label: 'Medium Risk',
+    label: '中风险',
     color: 'text-yellow-600 dark:text-yellow-400',
     bgColor: 'bg-yellow-100 dark:bg-yellow-900/30',
     borderColor: 'border-yellow-300 dark:border-yellow-700',
     icon: AlertTriangle,
   },
   high: {
-    label: 'High Risk',
+    label: '高风险',
     color: 'text-red-600 dark:text-red-400',
     bgColor: 'bg-red-100 dark:bg-red-900/30',
     borderColor: 'border-red-300 dark:border-red-700',
@@ -135,32 +135,32 @@ function calculateRiskLevel(handId: HandId, params: Record<string, unknown>): Ri
 function getExpectedImpact(handId: HandId, params: Record<string, unknown>): string {
   switch (handId) {
     case 'browser':
-      return `Will perform browser automation on ${params.url || 'specified URL'}`;
+      return `将在 ${params.url || '指定网址'} 执行浏览器自动化`;
     case 'twitter':
       if (params.action === 'post') {
-        return 'Will post content to Twitter/X publicly';
+        return '将公开发布内容到 Twitter/X';
       }
       if (params.action === 'engage') {
-        return 'Will like/reply to tweets';
+        return '将点赞/回复推文';
       }
-      return 'Will perform Twitter/X operations';
+      return '将执行 Twitter/X 操作';
     case 'collector':
-      return `Will collect data from ${params.targetUrl || 'specified source'}`;
+      return `将从 ${params.targetUrl || '指定来源'} 收集数据`;
     case 'lead':
-      return `Will search for leads from ${params.source || 'specified source'}`;
+      return `将从 ${params.source || '指定来源'} 搜索线索`;
     case 'clip':
-      return `Will process video: ${params.inputPath || 'specified input'}`;
+      return `将处理视频: ${params.inputPath || '指定输入'}`;
     case 'predictor':
-      return `Will run prediction on ${params.dataSource || 'specified data'}`;
+      return `将对 ${params.dataSource || '指定数据'} 运行预测`;
     case 'researcher':
-      return `Will conduct research on: ${params.topic || 'specified topic'}`;
+      return `将研究: ${params.topic || '指定主题'}`;
     default:
-      return 'Will execute Hand operation';
+      return '将执行 Hand 操作';
   }
 }
 
 function formatTimeRemaining(seconds: number): string {
-  if (seconds <= 0) return 'Expired';
+  if (seconds <= 0) return '已过期';
   if (seconds < 60) return `${seconds}s`;
   const minutes = Math.floor(seconds / 60);
   const secs = seconds % 60;
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ function TimeoutProgress({ timeRemaining, totalSeconds }: { timeRemaining: numbe
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-xs">
         <span className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 flex items-center gap-1">
           <Clock className="w-3 h-3" />
-          Time Remaining
+          剩余时间
         </span>
         <span
           className={`font-medium ${isUrgent ? 'text-red-600 dark:text-red-400' : 'text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300'}`}
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ function TimeoutProgress({ timeRemaining, totalSeconds }: { timeRemaining: numbe
 function ParamsDisplay({ params }: { params: Record<string, unknown> }) {
   if (!params || Object.keys(params).length === 0) {
     return (
-      <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 italic">No parameters provided</p>
+      <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 italic">暂无参数</p>
     );
   }
 
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
       runId: handRun.runId,
       handId,
       handName: handDef?.name || handId,
-      description: handDef?.description || 'Hand execution request',
+      description: handDef?.description || 'Hand 执行请求',
       params,
       riskLevel: calculateRiskLevel(handId, params),
       expectedImpact: getExpectedImpact(handId, params),
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
       await onApprove(approvalData.runId);
       onClose();
     } catch (err) {
-      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to approve');
+      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : '批准失败');
     } finally {
       setIsProcessing(false);
     }
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
     }
 
     if (!rejectReason.trim()) {
-      setError('Please provide a reason for rejection');
+      setError('请提供拒绝原因');
       return;
     }
 
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
       await onReject(approvalData.runId, rejectReason.trim());
       onClose();
     } catch (err) {
-      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to reject');
+      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : '拒绝失败');
     } finally {
       setIsProcessing(false);
     }
@@ -387,10 +387,10 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
             </div>
             <div>
               <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
-                Hand Approval Request
+                Hand 审批请求
               </h2>
               <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-                Review and approve Hand execution
+                审核并批准 Hand 执行
               </p>
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
           {isExpired && (
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 p-3 bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded-lg text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">
               <Clock className="w-5 h-5 flex-shrink-0" />
-              <span className="text-sm">This approval request has expired</span>
+              <span className="text-sm">此审批请求已过期</span>
             </div>
           )}
 
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
           {/* Parameters */}
           <div className="space-y-2">
             <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-              Execution Parameters
+              执行参数
             </label>
             <ParamsDisplay params={approvalData.params} />
           </div>
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
             <div className="space-y-2">
               <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 flex items-center gap-1">
                 <Info className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                Expected Impact
+                预期影响
               </label>
               <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20 p-3 rounded-lg">
                 {approvalData.expectedImpact}
@@ -459,9 +459,9 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
 
           {/* Request Info */}
           <div className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 space-y-1 pt-2 border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
-            <p>Run ID: {approvalData.runId}</p>
+            <p>运行 ID: {approvalData.runId}</p>
             <p>
-              Requested: {new Date(approvalData.requestedAt).toLocaleString()}
+              请求时间: {new Date(approvalData.requestedAt).toLocaleString()}
             </p>
           </div>
 
@@ -469,12 +469,12 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
           {showRejectInput && (
             <div className="space-y-2">
               <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-                Rejection Reason <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                拒绝原因 <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
               </label>
               <textarea
                 value={rejectReason}
                 onChange={(e) => setRejectReason(e.target.value)}
-                placeholder="Please provide a reason for rejecting this request..."
+                placeholder="请提供拒绝此请求的原因..."
                 className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-gray-900 text-gray-900 dark:text-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-red-500"
                 rows={3}
                 autoFocus
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
                 disabled={isProcessing}
                 className="px-4 py-2 text-sm text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded-lg hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 transition-colors disabled:opacity-50"
               >
-                Cancel
+                取消
               </button>
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -513,12 +513,12 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
                 {isProcessing ? (
                   <>
                     <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" />
-                    Rejecting...
+                    拒绝中...
                   </>
                 ) : (
                   <>
                     <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" />
-                    Confirm Rejection
+                    确认拒绝
                   </>
                 )}
               </button>
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
                 disabled={isProcessing}
                 className="px-4 py-2 text-sm text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded-lg hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 transition-colors disabled:opacity-50"
               >
-                Close
+                关闭
               </button>
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
                 className="px-4 py-2 text-sm border border-red-200 dark:border-red-800 text-red-600 dark:text-red-400 rounded-lg hover:bg-red-50 dark:hover:bg-red-900/20 transition-colors disabled:opacity-50 flex items-center gap-2"
               >
                 <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" />
-                Reject
+                拒绝
               </button>
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -551,12 +551,12 @@ export function HandApprovalModal({
                 {isProcessing ? (
                   <>
                     <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" />
-                    Approving...
+                    批准中...
                   </>
                 ) : (
                   <>
                     <CheckCircle className="w-4 h-4" />
-                    Approve
+                    批准
                   </>
                 )}
               </button>
diff --git a/desktop/src/components/HandParamsForm.tsx b/desktop/src/components/HandParamsForm.tsx
index a9cbef5..55e73d0 100644
--- a/desktop/src/components/HandParamsForm.tsx
+++ b/desktop/src/components/HandParamsForm.tsx
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ function ArrayParamInput({ param, value, onChange, disabled, error }: ParamInput
       </div>
 
       {items.length === 0 && !newItem && (
-        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 text-center">No items added yet</p>
+        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 text-center">暂无条目</p>
       )}
     </div>
   );
diff --git a/desktop/src/components/MessageSearch.tsx b/desktop/src/components/MessageSearch.tsx
index af048fc..9c940c2 100644
--- a/desktop/src/components/MessageSearch.tsx
+++ b/desktop/src/components/MessageSearch.tsx
@@ -428,10 +428,10 @@ export function MessageSearch({ onNavigateToMessage }: MessageSearchProps) {
                           onChange={(e) => setFilters((prev) => ({ ...prev, timeRange: e.target.value as SearchFilters['timeRange'] }))}
                           className="text-xs bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-orange-500"
                         >
-                          <option value="all">All time</option>
-                          <option value="today">Today</option>
-                          <option value="week">This week</option>
-                          <option value="month">This month</option>
+                          <option value="all">全部时间</option>
+                          <option value="today">今天</option>
+                          <option value="week">本周</option>
+                          <option value="month">本月</option>
                         </select>
                       </div>
                     </div>
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ export function MessageSearch({ onNavigateToMessage }: MessageSearchProps) {
               {/* Search history */}
               {!query && searchHistory.length > 0 && (
                 <div className="mt-2">
-                  <div className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 mb-1">Recent searches:</div>
+                  <div className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 mb-1">最近搜索:</div>
                   <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1">
                     {searchHistory.slice(0, 5).map((item, index) => (
                       <button